A reinforcement learning-based intrusion detection system for internet of things with zero-day resilience
Abstract
The conventional intrusion detection systems (IDS) are often found to be ineffective when faced with zero-day attacks that are novel compared to previously learned behavior patterns. This paper presents the development of a robust and adaptive IDS for the internet of things (IoT) using a deep Q-network (DQN) agent. A custom environment is designed in which state abstraction is applied to convert high-dimensional feature vectors into discrete state spaces. The proposed agent model is trained to detect normal and malicious traffic using a reward and penalty mechanism to encourage the agent to take correct decisions. The validation of the proposed methodology is carried out using the UNSW-NB15 dataset under both known attack and zero-day attack scenarios. The results showed detection accuracies of 99.56% for known attacks and 99.11% for zero-day attacks.
Keywords
Cybersecurity in internet of things; Deep Q-network; Internet of things; Intrusion detection; Reinforcement learning; Zero-day attacks
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PDFDOI: http://doi.org/10.11591/ijai.v15.i5.pp4691-4699
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Copyright (c) 2026 Sowmya Somanath, Usha Banavikal Ajay, Sangeetha Kodlipet Nanjundaswamy

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IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI)
ISSN/e-ISSN 2089-4872/2252-8938
This journal is published by the Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES).